Wastewater Surveillance
什么是废水监测？
废水监测是一种检测、识别和表征废水中病原体的方法。这种方法获取的数据有助于监测社区范围内的疫情和其他病原体危害。通过了解这些病原体分布，社区可以在公共卫生响应过程中更好地分配资源。废水中的基因组信息不仅可以用来确定社区中存在哪些病原体，还可以用来鉴定社区中可能存在的菌株类型和变异数量。
废水监测是如何发挥作用的？
废水监测是检测和表征污水样本和污水处理厂中的病原体的重要工具。废水监测方法联合NGS技术，可以帮助我们加深对多种不同病原体的了解，包括RNA和DNA病毒、细菌和抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）标志物。这些信息对于追踪许多传染病的传播和制定有效的应对措施至关重要。
废水监测基于污水样本，有助于完善现有的监测方法，其优点包括：
- 基于人群的感染追踪
- 匿名合并检测
- 关于疾病传播的地理信息
- 可以根据需要从治疗设施进行简单快速的采样，确定社区范围内的发展趋势
Precision metagenomics for rapid identification and characterization of pathogens
Download this eBook to learn how precision metagenomics is providing innovative solutions to rapidly detect and characterize pathogens through the power of next-generation sequencing.
Download eBook废水监测方法
虽然废水监测方法已用于检测制药、化学和工业废物，但目前更为重要的是监测废水，以发现对当地社区有重大影响的抗生素耐药性标志物、细菌和病毒。 RT-PCR和新一代测序作为前沿的监测技术，用于检测公共卫生高风险病原体。请参阅下面的方法比较，了解两种废水测序方法的更多信息。
NGS
- 靶向并表征全基因组
- 成本更高
- 高通量能力
- 可以检测和识别变异
- 数据更复杂、更全面
What are some methods for wastewater surveillance?
Wastewater samples usually contain multiple pathogens and microbes,4 as opposed to clinical samples which usually only contain a single pathogen. To analyze pathogens of interest, it is recommended to use amplicon- or enrichment-based NGS library preparation methods. Amplicon-based approaches use primers to specifically target regions of microbes and/or whole genomes of single viruses, while enrichment approaches use probe hybridization to capture genomes of interest. In addition, shotgun metagenomic sequencing provides a comprehensive method to analyze all genes and microbes within a sample.5
Amplicon
Amplicon-based approaches use primers to specifically target regions of microbes and/or whole genomes of single viruses. Read how scientists are using amplicon-based methods for wastewater surveillance.
Early detection through wastewater surveillance
Read how wastewater genomic epidemiology can provide an unbiased representation of community-wide infection dynamics and surveillance to help guide public health action and policy decisions.
Identifying SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater
Scientists describe how targeted amplicon sequencing of wastewater samples is a powerful surveillance tool and may contribute to the early detection of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Hybrid capture enrichment
Hybridization-based enrichment is a useful strategy for analyzing specific genetic variants in a given sample, delivering dependable results across a wide range of input types and quantities. Learn more about how researchers are using hybrid capture enrichment methods for wastewater surveillance.
Monitoring antimicrobial resistance
See how wastewater-based epidemiology can complement more traditional surveillance efforts by providing community-level data to identify current and emerging antimicrobial resistance threats.
Detecting region-specific SARS-CoV-2 variants
Investigators detail how epidemiological surveillance through wastewater sequencing can aid in tracking exact viral strains in an epidemic context.
Shotgun metagenomics
Shotgun metagenomic sequencing allows researchers to comprehensively sample all genes in all organisms present in a given complex sample. Shotgun metagenomics also provides a means to study unculturable microorganisms that are otherwise difficult or impossible to analyze. See papers below to understand how shotgun metagenomics is being used for wastewater surveillance.
Using wastewater RNA-Seq to detect emerging and endemic viruses
Scientists use RNA-Seq to simultaneously detect multiple infectious diseases, providing geographical and epidemiological data to help direct healthcare interventions in India.
Metagenomic and resistome analysis
Read how scientists used metagenomic shotgun sequencing and real-time PCR to characterize the composition of bacteria and phage diversity and the resistome of major treatment processes within a wastewater treatment plant.
NGS Workflow Finder
Take the guesswork out of your next workflow. The NGS Workflow Finder provides personalized solution recommendations and resources so you can sequence with confidence.
Find your NGS workflow today废水监测网络研讨会
相关产品
Viral Surveillance Panel
获取全基因组测序（WGS）数据，以表征66种公共卫生高风险病毒，包括SARS-CoV-2、流感病毒、猴痘病毒和脊髓灰质炎病毒。
COVID-Seq
用于SARS-CoV-2监测的高通量新一代测序检测，可在研究中分析病毒基因组。
Respiratory Pathogen ID/AMR Enrichment Panel Kit
基于新一代测序（NGS）的呼吸道病原体Panel，可以高度灵敏地开展病原体全面检测，获取有关抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的信息。
Urinary Pathogen ID/AMR Enrichment Kit
新一代测序（NGS）panel，可检测和定量170多种常见、不太常见、难以生长和经常遗漏的尿路病原体。
Respiratory Virus Oligo Panel
一种高度灵敏的NGS panel，可通过全面、快速的靶向富集测序对常见的呼吸道病毒（包括COVID-19病毒株）进行检测和表征。
Ribo-Zero Plus Microbiome rRNA Depletion Kit
从RNA到数据分析的一体化解决方案，用于复杂微生物样本（包括粪便）的宏转录组测序。
更多资源
基于废水的流行病学
在本应用说明中，了解如何通过废水测序来检测社区中的SARS-CoV-2变异和其他呼吸道病毒，以实现传染病监测。
废水监测能否保护公共卫生？
阅读文章，了解Biobot Analytics如何使用废水数据来预测COVID激增和其他疫情爆发情况。
废水测序揭示了早期神秘的SARS-CoV-2变异传播
阅读本科学文献，了解废水监测如何助力揭示COVID的早期传播。
Viral Surveillance Panel
参阅数据表，了解有关66个病毒基因组的NGS检测的更多信息，包括使用一体化全基因组测序和杂交捕获富集确定的对公共卫生具有重大风险的病毒。
COVID-19疫情期间的废水监测和AMR标志物
本文展示了废水监测如何识别新出现的抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）威胁，以改善社区范围内的数据。
脊髓灰质炎病毒的环境监测
在本文献中，科学家们讨论了他们如何制定环境监测计划，以检测海地的非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒和脊髓灰质炎病毒。
References
- Wastewater Monitoring—How Does It Work? cdc.gov/nwss/pdf/Wastewater-COVID-infographic-h.pdf. Accessed December 7, 2023.
- Science & Tech Spotlight: Wastewater Surveillance. gao.gov/products/gao-22-105841. Accessed December 7, 2023.
- Diamond MB, Keshaviah A, Bento AI, et al. Wastewater surveillance of pathogens can inform public health responses. Nature Medicine 2022; 28(10):1992-1995.
- Levy JI, Andersen KG, Knight R, et al. Wastewater surveillance for public health. Science 2023 Jan 6;379(6627):26-27.
- Wensel CR, Pluznick JL, Salzberg SL, et al. Next-generation sequencing: insights to advance clinical investigations of the microbiome. J Clin Invest. 2022 Apr 1; 132(7): e154944.